The four-day hearing will see American businessman and TV personality Trump try to stop the £230 million (EUR 270m) 11-turbine project, which he said would spoil views from his golf course in Balmadie, Aberdeenshire.
The development, which lies 2-4.5 kilometres off the Aberdeenshire coast, received Scottish government approval in March.
It is 75% owned by utility Vattenfall and 25% by Aberdeen Renewable Energy Group and will allow manufacturers to test next generation offshore wind turbines.
However, Trump argues that the granting of construction permission and the lack of a public inquiry into the plans were unlawful.
In October members of Aberdeenshire council's Formartine area rejected an application from EOWDC for the construction of an electricity substation at Blackdog, near Trump's golf course.
Following the hearing, Trump wrote on Twitter: "[Scotland's first minister] Alex Salmond suffered a huge defeat by the people of Blackdog. Communities all over Scotland are fighting this loser."
Lang Banks, Scottish director of wildlife conservation charity WWF, said: "It's depressing to think that Donald Trump has nothing better to do than use his vast wealth to try and undermine Scotland's aim of becoming a cleaner, greener, job-creating nation.
"We hope that, in the end, the court agrees that giving the go-ahead to this development was the right decision.
"Scotland is home to a quarter of Europe's offshore wind resource. Studies estimate that Scotland's offshore wind industry could create 28,000 jobs by 2020 and contribute more than £7 billion of investment to the economy.
"It would be a great pity if Donald Trump was in any way responsible for frustrating Scotland's ambition to generate clean power and green jobs."
